What are you providing the company that will result in more revenue or higher productivity? If your reason has nothing to do with the company's bottom line then don't even bother bringing it up and just forget it. Don't even bring it up. For example, don't say "I am starting a new family a need more $ to make ends meet" or "my rent went up and I need that extra $". A company should give two shits about your sob story. Show that you are worth it.
If you do bring shit to the table, my next advice is... get an answer. Don't let it go to a "wait and see" type of situation. Ask questions where they are forced to give you a real answer, and not questions that they can simply say yes or no to. Example, "If I demonstrate to you that I can step it up, will you consider giving me a raise?" instead say something like "Based on what I bring to the table, will you be able bump the salary to X" or "What specifically would you like to see from me in order for me to see a pay bump?". The first example, they can simply say "yes" to shut you up. Anyone can consider anything at any moment, doesn't mean they have to act on it.
Finally, consider other benefits instead of just more money. Maybe flexible schedule? Work from home arrangement? More vacation time? Company vehicle?
I've negotiated my way to better work situations, from a local mom and pop shop, to a regional institution, to where I am now, a global software company.
Good luck and holla if you need any more business advice.
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Green Card application sent: 3/30/17 (Receipt Letter: 4/10/17)
Biometrics: 4/14/17 (letter) & April 24, 2017 (appointment)
Interview Date: 12/13/17 (Letter received 11/10/17)
Green Card approved: 12/13/17 (Letter received 12/18/17)
Card Arrived: 12/22/17!!!!!